Artigo Anais do EBI - Encontro Brasileiro de Ictiologia

ANAIS de Evento

ISBN: 978-65-5222-033-2

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF CHEIRODONTINAE (CHARACIDAE) FROM THE URUGUAY RIVER BASIN: PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR DATA

Palavra-chaves: , , , , Comunicação Oral (CO) AT 02 - Taxonomia e Sistemática
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Publicado em 12 de fevereiro de 2025

Resumo

Cheirodontinae is one of the most diverse subfamilies of Characidae, with 63 valid species. Additionally, it has one of the widest geographical distributions within the family, inhabiting a wide variety of environments in the Neotropical region. In this study, a new genus and species of Cheirodontinae are described, based on specimens collected in the lower and upper parts of the Uruguay River basin, between Brazil and Uruguay. To determine the phylogenetic position of the new genus within Cheirodontinae, we reconstructed a phylogeny using morphological and molecular data, incorporating 267 morphological characters, six molecular markers, and 79 taxa, of which 65 belong to Cheirodontinae (57 valid species and 8 undescribed species). Our analysis strongly supports the existence of a close relationship between the new genus and the clade formed by Cheirodon and Heterocheirodon. The new genus is supported by 23 molecular characters and six morphological synapomorphies. The species of New genus sp. H is characterized by having a subterminal mouth, a lateral line that varies between complete and incomplete, and a supraneural shape with lateral projections in the upper part. The new genus differs from Cheirodon by having a number of procurrent caudal rays between 9 and 11 (vs. 17 to 30 rays in Cheirodon) and by presenting unmodified procurrent caudal rays (vs. the 2, 3, or 4 anteriormost ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays that are laminar in both males and females in Heterocheirodon).

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